Gearing for windmills



2 SheetsSheet -1.

G. H. PATTISON.

GEARING FOR WINDMILLS.

(No Model.)

NOI 351,4 1.

Patented Oct. 26, 1886.

x 4 56% \\\\\U M V G K \\\\\\\m 0 UNITED STAT-ES PATENT, OFFICE.

GEORGE HLPATrIsoiv, or FREEPORT, ILLINOIS.

GEARING FOR WINDMILLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 351.461. dated October 26,1886.

' Application filed August 3, 1886.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnonen H. PATTISON,

a resident of Freeport,;in the county of. Ste phenson and State of Illinois, have. invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gearings for Windmills; and I do hereby declare thefollowing .to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, 'such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to makeiand use the same. I 1 7 My invention relates to' improvements in gearings for windmills, in which'the object is to counteract the tendency of the work performed by the mill to throw the wind-wheel out of the wind. The invention is fully described and explained inv the following specification and ,shown in the accompanying drawings, in

which- Figure 1 is a central vertical section of a windmill-tower and turn-tablewith the gear ing in operative position. Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modified form of the gearing located in the turn-table of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view of a modified form of the lower part of the gearing of Fig; 1. Fig. 4 is a similar View of a modified form of theinvention, inwhich most of the gearing is located below the turn-table. Fig. 5-shows the gearing O T Q located lower down in the turn-table than in Fig. 1.

In Fig. 1, A are the posts of an ordinary windmill-tower. B'is a top plate fastened. to said posts, andO is a'turn-table supported by anti-friction balls, which rest on the plate B.- The lower portion of the turn-table is a hollow cylindrical neck, F, extending throughthe plate B, and a horizontal bearing, D, is formed integrally with the turn-table and provides a bearingfor the wind-wheel shaft E, while a vertical arm, D, is also formed integrallywith theturn-table, and provides a bearing for the short, preferably hollow, shaft n, upon which are mounted the miter-gears an O, the gear m engaging with the gear mon the wind-wheel shaft E.

The hollow shaft H is journaled in the turntable, and to its upper end is attached the arm or bracket N, bearing the gudgeon .P, upon which is journaled the miter planet-gear T. The planet-gearT engages with the miter-gear O and communicates the motionof the gear 0. to the miter power-transmitting gear Q, with Serial No. 209,897. (No model.)

F is a horizontal arm, G, carrying the vertical gudgeon L, upon which is loosely mounted the double planet-gearing 177, the upper gear, or, engaging withthe gear K, attached to the lower end of the shaft H, and the gear 51 engaging with the gear Z, mounted stationarily in the tower upon the plate I.

The operation of the mechanism above described is as follows: XVhen the turn-table is stationary, if the wind-wheel be rotated in its bearing in the direction indicated by the arrow on the gear m, the gear m, shaft 02, and gear 0 must turn in the direction indicated by the arrows on the gears m 0. The turn-table being stationary, the arm G and gudgeon L are stationary, and the gears .70 y, journaledon the gudgeon L, are stationary. As the gearg engages with the always-stationary gear Z and the gear K,engaging with the now-stationary gear or, is also stationary, the shaft H, arm N, and gudgeon F arealso stationary; hence the rotation of the gear 0 rot-ates the gear T about the gudgeon P in the direction indicated by the arrow thereon, and this rotation of the gear T turns the power-transmitting gear Q in the direction indicated by the corresponding arrow thereon. The gear Q carries with it the shaft n, and the shafts a n thus turn simultaneously in-opposite direct-ions. On the other hand, if the gear Q be held stationary, either by the resistance of the work or by any other means, and the turn-table be rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow thereon, the arm G and gudgeon L turn in thesame direction and carry the double plan etgears 00 3 bodily-in the same direction, and this bodily rotation of the gear y will roll itabout the equal stationary gear Z,with which it engages, and rotate it on its own axis L in the direction indicated by the arrow thereon. Now the gear 00, being formed integrally with or attached to thegear '1 must rotate with it about the gudgeon L. The gear K engages with the gear 00, and is twice the diameter thereof, and as the gear 00 is carried bodily once about the center of the gear Kby the gudgeon L, and is also rotated once about of the gear 0 and shaft '11..

the gudgeon L in the direction indicated by the arrow thereon through its connection with the gears 31 Z, the gear K will be rotated half of one revolution in the direction indicated by the arrow thereonthat is, if the gear at were rigidly attached to the gudgeon L, one rotation of the turn-table, arm G, and gudgeon L would carry the gear K around once in the same direction, since there could be no action between the gears :r K; but though the gear a: is carried once around bodily by the gudgeon L it is attached rigidly to the gear y, instead of to the gudgeon L, and hence is rotated once about the gudgeon L, together with the gear y, which is caused to roll about the stationary gear Z with each revolution of the gudgeon L, and thegear x, being half the size of the gear K, would thus rotate the gear K half a revolution in the opposite direction, or halfway back; but these two motions of the gear a: bodily and about the gudgeon L taking place at the same time operate simultaneously on the gear K, and hence cause it to make only half a revolution for each revolution of the turntable, arm G, and gudgeon L. The half of a revolution of the gearKis communicated through the shalt H to the arm N and gudgeon I, and thus revolves the planet-gear T about the shaft n, and since the power-transmitting gear Q is stationary the planetgear T is thus rolled about the face of the gear Q, and turns the gear 0 and shaft a in the direction indicated by the arrow on the gear-that is, in the same direction as the rotation of the turntable. As shown, the gears O T Q are mitergears; consequently as one bodily rotation of the planetgear T, together with one rotation on its axis, would produce two rotations of the gear 0 and shaft 12, one-half of one bodily rotation of the gear T, arm N, shaft H, and gear K will produce one rotation Hence the turntable and shaft a maintain the same relative position, and the wind-wheel shaft does not turn in its bearing. In other words, the rotation of the turn-table does not turn either the working-shaft n or the wind-wheel shaft E, and the mill can swivel without affecting or being affected by the work, and is therefore balanced.

Fig. 2 shows a slightly-modified arrangement of the gearing m an O T Q, located in the turn-table. The shaft 10 and shaft H are e011- tinued upward, and the gears m 0 and shaft or are journaled about the shaft H instead of in the arm D.

Fig. 3 shows a modified form of the lower part of the gearing-that is, the gears y Z are miter-gears, and the gears K x are beveled gears in the proportion of two to one. In this figure the gudgeon L is shown as fastened rigidly in the gear and rotating in its own support, and this construction may, if preferred, be used in the forms illustrated in the other figures.

In Fig. 4. a modified form of the invention, in which most of the gearing is located below the turn-table, is shown. The shaft H passes downward from the gear K, instead of upward, and the shaft it passes through the turntable and shaft H to its gear O,which engages with the planet-gear T, and this transmits mo tion to the power-transmitting gear Q and shaft n, as before.

The gears O T Q may be spur and internal, instead of n1iter,whieh would necessitate si n1- ply a relative change in the proportion existing among the gears K a: 9/ Z.

Having now explained and described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In a gearing of the class described, the combination, with a plate adapted to be attached to the tower of a windmill, of a turntable journaled in said plate, a wind-wheel shaft journaled in the turn-table, a planet-gear revolving with the turn-table and engaging with a gear fastened to the tower, a second planetgear interposed between the wind-wheel shaft and the planet-gear revolving with the turn-table, gearing connecting the two planetgears, and gearing connecting said second planet-gear with the wind-wheel shaft.

2. The combination, with the rotating turntable of a windmill and a wind-wheel shaft journaled therein, of two independent vertical shafts, one of which is the power-transmitting shaft of the mill, gears connecting one of said vertical shafts directly with the wind-wheel shaft, a planet-gear interposed between said vertical shafts and connected therewith by suitable gears, aplanet-gear revolving with the turn-table and engaging with a stationary gear fastened to the tower of the mill, and

gears connecting said two planet-gears, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, with the turn-table O, the wind-wheel shaft E, and the vertical shafts n a, of gears connecting the shafts E a, a third vertical shaft, H, and a planet-gear revolving therewith and interposed between the shafts 11. n, and a planet-gear revolving with the turntable and engaging with two gears, one mounted on the shaft H and the other fastened to the tower of the windmill, or an attachment thereof.

4. The combination of the turn-table G, the planet-gear 00 y, revolving therewith and engaging a stationary gear, Z, the planet-gear T, the wind-wheel shaft E, j ournaled in the turntable, gearing connecting the planet-gear T with the wind-wheel shaft, and gearing connecting the planet-gears T a: y, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination of the turn table C, wind-wheel shaft E, and shafts a a, the gears m m,connect-ing the shafts E n, the gears O Q, and planet-gear T, connecting the shafts a a, the planet-gear w y, revolving with the turntable, the gear K, connecting the gear a: with the support of the planet-gear T, and the gear Z, connecting the gear 3 with the tower of the windmill, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination, with the turn-table O, Q, and planet-gear w 1 all supported by and the wind-wheel shaft E, journaled therein, the revolving with the turn-table, substantially as stationary gear Z, and the planet-gear m y, and for the purpose set'forth.

supported by the turn-table and engaging the In testimony whereof I have signed this I 5 stationary gear Z, of gearing, substantially as specification in the presence of two subserib-- I 5 shown and described, connecting the planeting witnesses.

gear with the wind-Wheel shaft. 1 GEORGE H. PATTISON.

7. The combination, in a Windmill-gearing Vitnesses:

of the class described, ofa rotating turn-table J AMEs H. STEARNS, 10 and the shafts E 0; n H, and gears m m 0 T' F. R. MEAsE. 

